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Python SDK

client-sdk-python 是一个服务于Alaya底层链的python sdk。通过web3对象与底层链进行交互。底层实现上，它通过 RPC 调用与本地节点通信。client-sdk-python可以与任何暴露了RPC接口的Alaya节点连接。

主要功能用于 获取区块数据、发送交易、使用智能合约进行交互、以及其他的一些应用。

client-sdk-python下载链接

快速入门#

Python环境要求#

支持Python 3.6+版本。

安装#

可使用pip安装或下载源码，二选一即可。

  • 使用pip直接安装

     pip install client-sdk-python

    目前编译的client-sdk-python版本为alaya分支，版本号为：1.0.0.2

  • 下载源码

    git clone -b develop https://github.com/AlayaNetwork/client-sdk-python.git

    其中develop为当前使用的分支。

使用#

Web3模块#

Alaya节点之间通过P2PMessage通信。而节点和python sdk之间使用内置的Web3模块，发送JSON-RPC 请求，经过HTTP 、websocket、IPC等方式连接节点。 主网ChainID为201018。开发者开放的Alaya开发网络，ChainID为201030 。

节点连接#

  • 以HTTP 连接为例，连接一个Alaya节点，详见加入Alaya网络。

    w3 = Web3(HTTPProvider("http://47.241.91.2:6789"),chain_id = 201030)# alaya为PlatON类的一个实例alaya = PlatON(w3)print(w3.isConnected())

    其中 http://47.241.91.2:6789为Alaya的一个节点Url，请输入可访问的Alaya节点Url。

  • 以Websocket连接为例。

    代码如下：

    # websockets版本>= 8.0w3 = Web3(WebsocketProvider("ws://47.241.91.2:6790"),chain_id =201030)alaya = PlatON(w3)print(w3.isConnected())

  • 以IPC连接为例。

    代码如下：

    # platon.ipc 在节点目录 ~/platon-node/data/ 下w3 = Web3(IPCProvider("./platon.ipc"),chain_id = 201030)alaya = PlatON(w3)print(w3.isConnected())

基本api#

基础类型编和解码#

  • Web3.toBytes()

    将输入的参数转换为Bytes。

    调用：

    >>> Web3.toBytes(0)b'\x00'>>> Web3.toBytes(0x000F)b'\x0f'

  • Web3.toHex()

    将输入的参数转换为16进制。

    调用：

    >>> Web3.toHex(b'\x00\x0F')'0x000f'>>> Web3.toHex(False)'0x0'

  • Web3.toInt()

    将输入的参数转换为整型。

    调用：

    >>> Web3.toInt(0x000F)15>>> Web3.toInt(b'\x00\x0F')15

  • Web3.toJSON()

    将输入的参数转换为json格式。

    调用：

    >>> Web3.toJSON(3)'3'>>> Web3.toJSON({'one': 1})'{"one": 1}'

  • Web3.toText()

    将输入的参数转换为字符串格式。

    调用：

    >>> Web3.toText(b'cowm\xc3\xb6')'cowmö'>>> Web3.toText(hexstr='0x636f776dc3b6')'cowmö'
地址检测#

  • Web3.isAddress()

    检测输入的参数是否为被认可的地址形式。

    调用：

    >>> Web3.isAddress('atp1wdqj7v4g90xw42lq72kea8pyrh64820ma0ysgn')True
加密哈希#

  • Web3.sha3()

    将输入参数编译为 Keccak-256 。

    调用：

    >>> Web3.sha3(0x678901)HexBytes('0x77cf3b4c68ccdb65991397e7b93111e0f7d863df3b26ebb053d0857e26486e6a')>>> Web3.sha3(text='txt')HexBytes('0xd7278090a36507640ea6b7a0034b69b0d240766fa3f98e3722be93c613b29d2e')

  • Web3.soliditySha3()

    将输入的abi_type和value编译为 Keccak-256 。

    参数：

    • value：真实值。
    • abi_type：和value相等的solidity 格式的字符串列表。

    调用：

    >>> Web3.solidityKeccak(['uint8[]'], [[97, 98, 99]])HexBytes("0x233002c671295529bcc50b76a2ef2b0de2dac2d93945fca745255de1a9e4017e")
>>> Web3.solidityKeccak(['address'], ["0x49EdDD3769c0712032808D86597B84ac5c2F5614"])HexBytes("0x2ff37b5607484cd4eecf6d13292e22bd6e5401eaffcc07e279583bc742c68882")

链上查询api#

与Alaya 链上节点连接成功以后，可通过alaya对象里的api查询链上节点的相关信息。

alaya.blockNumber#

返回当前块编号。

返回值：

一个AttributeDict对象，其解析值为最近一个块的编号，Number类型。

alaya.syncing#

用来检查节点当前是否已经与网络同步。

返回值：

一个AttributeDict对象，其解析值为Object或Bool。如果节点尚未与网络同步， 则返回false，否则返回一个同步对象，具有以下属性：

  • startingBlock - Number: 同步起始块编号。

  • currentBlock - Number: 当前已同步块编号。

  • highestBlock - Number: 预估的目标同步块编号。

  • knownStates - Number: 预估的要下载的状态。

  • pulledStates - Number: 已经下载的状态。

alaya.gasPrice#

用来获取当前gas价格，该价格由最近的若干块的gas价格中值决定。

返回值：

一个AttributeDict对象，其解析值为表示当前gas价格的字符串，单位为VON。

alaya.accounts#

方法返回当前节点控制的账户列表。

返回值：

一个AttributeDict对象，其解析值为账户地址数组。

alaya.evidences#

返回账户地址指定位置的存储内容。

返回值：

一个AttributeDict对象，其解析值为账户地址存储内容。

alaya.consensusStatus#

返回当前节点所在区块树的共识状态信息。

返回值：

一个AttributeDict对象，其值为区块树中的所有区块公示状态信息。

alaya.getBalance(address)#

用来获取指定块中特定账户地址的余额。

参数：

  • address：String - 要检查余额的账户地址，bech32 address格式。在Alaya网络，atp开头的为主网（ChainID：201018）或开发网（ChainID：201030）。在PlatON网络，lat开头的为主网（ChainID：100）或开发网（ChainID：210309）。

返回值：

一个AttributeDict对象，其解析值为指定账户地址的余额字符串，以VON为单位。

部分代码示例：

from client_sdk_python import Web3, HTTPProviderfrom client_sdk_python.eth import PlatONfrom hexbytes import HexBytes
# get blockNumber syncing gasPrice accounts evidences consensusStatusw3 = Web3(HTTPProvider("http://47.241.91.2:6789"),chain_id = 201030)alaya = PlatON(w3)block_number = alaya.blockNumberprint(block_number)print(alaya.syncing)print(alaya.gasPrice)print(alaya.accounts)print(alaya.evidences)print(alaya.consensusStatus)
# get Balanceaddress = 'atp1ft2fuhh6q8pvpwe4jl3vqc2qhmhqs6ktl7e7g5'balance = alaya.getBalance(address)print(balance)
#输出11524411False1000000000[]{}AttributeDict({'blockTree': AttributeDict({'root': AttributeDict({'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x5070404fbfaeb199ed29aee0723bb8f0de12391606235d4bfe61865bd8fa994e', 'blockNumber': 11524412, 'receiveTime': '2021-08-04T04:02:29.295222897Z', 'qc': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x5070404fbfaeb199ed29aee0723bb8f0de12391606235d4bfe61865bd8fa994e', 'blockNumber': 11524412, 'blockIndex': 1, 'signature': '0x4da9acd9b911905d4f9275b7256a76aa254bfc5930903b015e05de6af48e021c8a49d5bd430dc27073d13c246c31b90100000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxx_xx'}), 'parentHash': '0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000', 'childrenHash': ['0x83d225f2f00bce603ee85b7b963c31ceefe6df131c232e2ef12c40ca58496119']}), 'blocks': AttributeDict({'11524412': AttributeDict({'0x5070404fbfaeb199ed29aee0723bb8f0de12391606235d4bfe61865bd8fa994e': AttributeDict({'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x5070404fbfaeb199ed29aee0723bb8f0de12391606235d4bfe61865bd8fa994e', 'blockNumber': 11524412, 'receiveTime': '2021-08-04T04:02:29.295222897Z', 'qc': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x5070404fbfaeb199ed29aee0723bb8f0de12391606235d4bfe61865bd8fa994e', 'blockNumber': 11524412, 'blockIndex': 1, 'signature': '0x4da9acd9b911905d4f9275b7256a76aa254bfc5930903b015e05de6af48e021c8a49d5bd430dc27073d13c246c31b90100000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxx_xx'}), 'parentHash': '0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000', 'childrenHash': ['0x83d225f2f00bce603ee85b7b963c31ceefe6df131c232e2ef12c40ca58496119']})}), '11524413': AttributeDict({'0x83d225f2f00bce603ee85b7b963c31ceefe6df131c232e2ef12c40ca58496119': AttributeDict({'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x83d225f2f00bce603ee85b7b963c31ceefe6df131c232e2ef12c40ca58496119', 'blockNumber': 11524413, 'receiveTime': '2021-08-04T04:02:30.411043475Z', 'qc': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x83d225f2f00bce603ee85b7b963c31ceefe6df131c232e2ef12c40ca58496119', 'blockNumber': 11524413, 'blockIndex': 2, 'signature': '0x6660a4bb986ade19eb92945e5d673a141964c9dc8f220a9babdff54d7f9edd6dd532452d401c610da8467f497de27e9900000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxxxx_'}), 'parentHash': '0x5070404fbfaeb199ed29aee0723bb8f0de12391606235d4bfe61865bd8fa994e', 'childrenHash': ['0xe9df32342c9d807c04f048bccf8a1f1dab47929c2ee69e0b4b6133fb38132680']})}), '11524414': AttributeDict({'0xe9df32342c9d807c04f048bccf8a1f1dab47929c2ee69e0b4b6133fb38132680': AttributeDict({'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0xe9df32342c9d807c04f048bccf8a1f1dab47929c2ee69e0b4b6133fb38132680', 'blockNumber': 11524414, 'receiveTime': '2021-08-04T04:02:31.497358585Z', 'qc': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0xe9df32342c9d807c04f048bccf8a1f1dab47929c2ee69e0b4b6133fb38132680', 'blockNumber': 11524414, 'blockIndex': 3, 'signature': '0xd902fc23f576e58c75d94541b4a6d8eced3b01bb8f48c9d4bd3cccfd83de5e56a2ece32d76ac8ce93a35775f0396dd0d00000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxx_xx'}), 'parentHash': '0x83d225f2f00bce603ee85b7b963c31ceefe6df131c232e2ef12c40ca58496119', 'childrenHash': []})})})}), 'state': AttributeDict({'view': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'executing': AttributeDict({'blockIndex': 3, 'finish': True}), 'viewchange': AttributeDict({'viewchanges': AttributeDict({})}), 'lastViewchange': None, 'hadSendPrepareVote': AttributeDict({'votes': [AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x7c9c24662db0e568c14c61e7fe39e9a0caeda7f110bbce4ebe31affc27c35498', 'blockNumber': 11524411, 'blockIndex': 0, 'validatorIndex': 4, 'parentQC': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 15, 'blockHash': '0x9f634828325855c40f2d22fef22e877e5b65e025e77f7a90b8cbeb97b57c4379', 'blockNumber': 11524410, 'blockIndex': 9, 'signature': '0x8f298b42a66d6a1f7814b67dcd7d9cb01b7369f472b9f8c357b7aacd77538e8a04df5c337d949d58440180560d457d1300000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxxxx_'}), 'signature': '0x1bedf19e6588dd0d53fc3d262b25cb2ab3dbbebe0203e7b1fe50931b25dd13e93f62b2bbc40f56826f268f1ae7230f9900000000000000000000000000000000'}), AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x5070404fbfaeb199ed29aee0723bb8f0de12391606235d4bfe61865bd8fa994e', 'blockNumber': 11524412, 'blockIndex': 1, 'validatorIndex': 4, 'parentQC': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x7c9c24662db0e568c14c61e7fe39e9a0caeda7f110bbce4ebe31affc27c35498', 'blockNumber': 11524411, 'blockIndex': 0, 'signature': '0xc3bada75f4a373433622a3cf845097d83a797d207f942ad727bdc8838778996d1ce19536fc5be1e21ba180fe5e33b38900000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxx_xx'}), 'signature': '0xe21ba855dd73e6088a3d61fff87f46eb859c937721a20de04ebd18769fee359e1f949e2147fa63cef7cd9904834a148900000000000000000000000000000000'}), AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x83d225f2f00bce603ee85b7b963c31ceefe6df131c232e2ef12c40ca58496119', 'blockNumber': 11524413, 'blockIndex': 2, 'validatorIndex': 4, 'parentQC': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x5070404fbfaeb199ed29aee0723bb8f0de12391606235d4bfe61865bd8fa994e', 'blockNumber': 11524412, 'blockIndex': 1, 'signature': '0x4da9acd9b911905d4f9275b7256a76aa254bfc5930903b015e05de6af48e021c8a49d5bd430dc27073d13c246c31b90100000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxx_xx'}), 'signature': '0x85e281024fb644b4fbb8b86159dd50f2e4e5dbd8a014eea9b6f201e71a39e5542c8669ca2fc95fc9188b1dc89264fa9100000000000000000000000000000000'}), AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0xe9df32342c9d807c04f048bccf8a1f1dab47929c2ee69e0b4b6133fb38132680', 'blockNumber': 11524414, 'blockIndex': 3, 'validatorIndex': 4, 'parentQC': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x83d225f2f00bce603ee85b7b963c31ceefe6df131c232e2ef12c40ca58496119', 'blockNumber': 11524413, 'blockIndex': 2, 'signature': '0x6660a4bb986ade19eb92945e5d673a141964c9dc8f220a9babdff54d7f9edd6dd532452d401c610da8467f497de27e9900000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxxxx_'}), 'signature': '0x14b4e8c426edae06eea5001485078a11f2f1a57eb49b1cfc8831c336f8ac31fe90e68947836561fe8113f01eb173358a00000000000000000000000000000000'})]}), 'pendingPrepareVote': AttributeDict({'votes': []}), 'viewBlocks': AttributeDict({'0': AttributeDict({'hash': '0x7c9c24662db0e568c14c61e7fe39e9a0caeda7f110bbce4ebe31affc27c35498', 'number': 11524411, 'blockIndex': 0}), '1': AttributeDict({'hash': '0x5070404fbfaeb199ed29aee0723bb8f0de12391606235d4bfe61865bd8fa994e', 'number': 11524412, 'blockIndex': 1}), '2': AttributeDict({'hash': '0x83d225f2f00bce603ee85b7b963c31ceefe6df131c232e2ef12c40ca58496119', 'number': 11524413, 'blockIndex': 2}), '3': AttributeDict({'hash': '0xe9df32342c9d807c04f048bccf8a1f1dab47929c2ee69e0b4b6133fb38132680', 'number': 11524414, 'blockIndex': 3})}), 'viewQcs': AttributeDict({'maxIndex': 3, 'qcs': AttributeDict({'0': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x7c9c24662db0e568c14c61e7fe39e9a0caeda7f110bbce4ebe31affc27c35498', 'blockNumber': 11524411, 'blockIndex': 0, 'signature': '0xc3bada75f4a373433622a3cf845097d83a797d207f942ad727bdc8838778996d1ce19536fc5be1e21ba180fe5e33b38900000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxx_xx'}), '1': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x5070404fbfaeb199ed29aee0723bb8f0de12391606235d4bfe61865bd8fa994e', 'blockNumber': 11524412, 'blockIndex': 1, 'signature': '0x4da9acd9b911905d4f9275b7256a76aa254bfc5930903b015e05de6af48e021c8a49d5bd430dc27073d13c246c31b90100000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxx_xx'}), '2': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x83d225f2f00bce603ee85b7b963c31ceefe6df131c232e2ef12c40ca58496119', 'blockNumber': 11524413, 'blockIndex': 2, 'signature': '0x6660a4bb986ade19eb92945e5d673a141964c9dc8f220a9babdff54d7f9edd6dd532452d401c610da8467f497de27e9900000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxxxx_'}), '3': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0xe9df32342c9d807c04f048bccf8a1f1dab47929c2ee69e0b4b6133fb38132680', 'blockNumber': 11524414, 'blockIndex': 3, 'signature': '0xd902fc23f576e58c75d94541b4a6d8eced3b01bb8f48c9d4bd3cccfd83de5e56a2ece32d76ac8ce93a35775f0396dd0d00000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxx_xx'})})}), 'viewVotes': AttributeDict({'votes': AttributeDict({'0': AttributeDict({'votes': AttributeDict({'0': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x7c9c24662db0e568c14c61e7fe39e9a0caeda7f110bbce4ebe31affc27c35498', 'blockNumber': 11524411, 'blockIndex': 0, 'validatorIndex': 0, 'parentQC': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 15, 'blockHash': '0x9f634828325855c40f2d22fef22e877e5b65e025e77f7a90b8cbeb97b57c4379', 'blockNumber': 11524410, 'blockIndex': 9, 'signature': '0x8f298b42a66d6a1f7814b67dcd7d9cb01b7369f472b9f8c357b7aacd77538e8a04df5c337d949d58440180560d457d1300000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxxxx_'}), 'signature': '0x3d7d906531429bdd674198329e63cce370a39c352bac5a179759ba81de809d4567c25a20c7048258caeca4f8b855c40a00000000000000000000000000000000'}), '1': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x7c9c24662db0e568c14c61e7fe39e9a0caeda7f110bbce4ebe31affc27c35498', 'blockNumber': 11524411, 'blockIndex': 0, 'validatorIndex': 1, 'parentQC': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 15, 'blockHash': '0x9f634828325855c40f2d22fef22e877e5b65e025e77f7a90b8cbeb97b57c4379', 'blockNumber': 11524410, 'blockIndex': 9, 'signature': '0x8f298b42a66d6a1f7814b67dcd7d9cb01b7369f472b9f8c357b7aacd77538e8a04df5c337d949d58440180560d457d1300000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxxxx_'}), 'signature': '0x4c14c960096d2758b81db66d89873776061e55230bbc706d372f0f8862dd8298910ca33c1f4b39d1b49d942f62b26a1700000000000000000000000000000000'}), '2': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x7c9c24662db0e568c14c61e7fe39e9a0caeda7f110bbce4ebe31affc27c35498', 'blockNumber': 11524411, 'blockIndex': 0, 'validatorIndex': 2, 'parentQC': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 15, 'blockHash': '0x9f634828325855c40f2d22fef22e877e5b65e025e77f7a90b8cbeb97b57c4379', 'blockNumber': 11524410, 'blockIndex': 9, 'signature': '0x8f298b42a66d6a1f7814b67dcd7d9cb01b7369f472b9f8c357b7aacd77538e8a04df5c337d949d58440180560d457d1300000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxxxx_'}), 'signature': '0xe4a441dec7ff55933341a35965d30fe8d0b281fef7d9ae04961c180f9b2c01323fff752bdbadef2019cc579f8173781800000000000000000000000000000000'}), '4': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x7c9c24662db0e568c14c61e7fe39e9a0caeda7f110bbce4ebe31affc27c35498', 'blockNumber': 11524411, 'blockIndex': 0, 'validatorIndex': 4, 'parentQC': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 15, 'blockHash': '0x9f634828325855c40f2d22fef22e877e5b65e025e77f7a90b8cbeb97b57c4379', 'blockNumber': 11524410, 'blockIndex': 9, 'signature': '0x8f298b42a66d6a1f7814b67dcd7d9cb01b7369f472b9f8c357b7aacd77538e8a04df5c337d949d58440180560d457d1300000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxxxx_'}), 'signature': '0x1bedf19e6588dd0d53fc3d262b25cb2ab3dbbebe0203e7b1fe50931b25dd13e93f62b2bbc40f56826f268f1ae7230f9900000000000000000000000000000000'}), '5': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x7c9c24662db0e568c14c61e7fe39e9a0caeda7f110bbce4ebe31affc27c35498', 'blockNumber': 11524411, 'blockIndex': 0, 'validatorIndex': 5, 'parentQC': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 15, 'blockHash': '0x9f634828325855c40f2d22fef22e877e5b65e025e77f7a90b8cbeb97b57c4379', 'blockNumber': 11524410, 'blockIndex': 9, 'signature': '0x47370edec64e60ceefac902fb0dd546cd83678f759ff57bdba883d73f221801026933e7c89d0507ef149f2dbdacf6a1200000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxxx_x'}), 'signature': '0xcd92807b116853677a7253b45507cb9b4ae2d15244648283df70527aa21d12ea60135c9b525d171821ef56ea363a7d1700000000000000000000000000000000'})})}), '1': AttributeDict({'votes': AttributeDict({'0': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x5070404fbfaeb199ed29aee0723bb8f0de12391606235d4bfe61865bd8fa994e', 'blockNumber': 11524412, 'blockIndex': 1, 'validatorIndex': 0, 'parentQC': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x7c9c24662db0e568c14c61e7fe39e9a0caeda7f110bbce4ebe31affc27c35498', 'blockNumber': 11524411, 'blockIndex': 0, 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'blockNumber': 11524413, 'blockIndex': 2, 'signature': '0x6660a4bb986ade19eb92945e5d673a141964c9dc8f220a9babdff54d7f9edd6dd532452d401c610da8467f497de27e9900000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxxxx_'}), 'signature': '0x751cd45ebd6c786fba7fcf8a79cb00144b98b5b43a56c88c920ea8b49df33f4ea0a8b0ddf842986639f8fa7bc7c2c91000000000000000000000000000000000'}), '4': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0xe9df32342c9d807c04f048bccf8a1f1dab47929c2ee69e0b4b6133fb38132680', 'blockNumber': 11524414, 'blockIndex': 3, 'validatorIndex': 4, 'parentQC': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x83d225f2f00bce603ee85b7b963c31ceefe6df131c232e2ef12c40ca58496119', 'blockNumber': 11524413, 'blockIndex': 2, 'signature': '0x6660a4bb986ade19eb92945e5d673a141964c9dc8f220a9babdff54d7f9edd6dd532452d401c610da8467f497de27e9900000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxxxx_'}), 'signature': '0x14b4e8c426edae06eea5001485078a11f2f1a57eb49b1cfc8831c336f8ac31fe90e68947836561fe8113f01eb173358a00000000000000000000000000000000'}), '5': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0xe9df32342c9d807c04f048bccf8a1f1dab47929c2ee69e0b4b6133fb38132680', 'blockNumber': 11524414, 'blockIndex': 3, 'validatorIndex': 5, 'parentQC': AttributeDict({'epoch': 46098, 'viewNumber': 16, 'blockHash': '0x83d225f2f00bce603ee85b7b963c31ceefe6df131c232e2ef12c40ca58496119', 'blockNumber': 11524413, 'blockIndex': 2, 'signature': '0x19be2086007a2804fa985f8c16dfd41f200dcc58d6768a47bdd32cfab779efd974dc7fb8300f7a08d0f0c1c215744b9400000000000000000000000000000000', 'validatorSet': 'xxx_xx'}), 'signature': '0xaabb1fcd1bb95f46c64ed0e6162efc869b325a7c3ede11efecd41101be6d4dd90da65fde968cb41e147739d29c3b5d8a00000000000000000000000000000000'})})})})})}), 'highestQCBlock': AttributeDict({'hash': '0xe9df32342c9d807c04f048bccf8a1f1dab47929c2ee69e0b4b6133fb38132680', 'number': 11524414}), 'highestLockBlock': AttributeDict({'hash': '0x83d225f2f00bce603ee85b7b963c31ceefe6df131c232e2ef12c40ca58496119', 'number': 11524413}), 'highestCommitBlock': AttributeDict({'hash': '0x5070404fbfaeb199ed29aee0723bb8f0de12391606235d4bfe61865bd8fa994e', 'number': 11524412})}), 'validator': True})409999794880000000000
alaya.getStorageAt()#

返回一个地址的指定位置存储内容。

调用：

alaya.getStorageAt(address, position [, defaultBlock] )

参数：

  • address：String - 要读取的地址。
  • position：Number - 存储中的索引编号。
  • defaultBlock：Number|String - 可选，使用该参数覆盖alaya.defaultBlock属性值。

返回值：

一个AttributeDict对象，其解析值为存储中指定位置的内容。

alaya.getCode()#

返回指定地址处的代码。

调用：

alaya.getCode(address [, defaultBlock] )

参数：

  • address：String - 要读取代码的地址。
  • defaultBlock：Number|String - 可选，使用该参数覆盖alaya.defaultBlock属性值。

返回值：

一个AttributeDict对象，其解析值为指定地址处的代码字符串。

alaya.getBlock()#

返回指定块编号或块哈希对应的块。

调用：

alaya.getBlock(blockHashOrBlockNumber [, returnTransactionObjects] )

参数：

  • blockHashOrBlockNumber：String|Number - 块编号或块哈希值，或者使用以下字符串："genesis"、"latest" 或 "pending" 。
  • returnTransactionObjects：Boolean - 可选，默认值为false。当设置为true时,返回块中将包括所有交易详情，否则仅返回交易哈希。

返回值：

一个AttributeDict对象，其解析值为满足搜索条件的块对象，具有以下字段：

  • number - Number: 块编号，处于pending状态的块为null。

  • hash 32 Bytes - String: 块哈希，处于pending状态的块为null。

  • parentHash 32 Bytes - String: 父块哈希。

  • nonce 8 Bytes - String: 生成的proof-of-work的哈希，处于pending状态的块为null。

  • sha3Uncles 32 Bytes - String: 块中叔伯数据的SHA3值。

  • logsBloom 256 Bytes - String: 块中日志的bloom filter，处于pending状态的块为null。

  • transactionsRoot 32 Bytes - String: 块中的交易树根节点。

  • stateRoot 32 Bytes - String: 块中的最终状态树根节点。

  • miner - String: 接收奖励的矿工地址。

  • difficulty - String: 该块的难度值。

  • totalDifficulty - String: 截至该块的全链总难度值。

  • extraData - String: 块 “extra data” 字段。

  • size - Number: 字节为单位的块大小。

  • gasLimit - Number: 该块允许的最大gas值。

  • gasUsed - Number: 该块中所有交易使用的gas总量。

  • timestamp - Number: 出块的unix时间戳（毫秒）。

  • transactions - Array: 交易对象数组，或者32字节长的交易哈希值，取决于returnTransactionObjects的设置。

  • uncles - Array: 叔伯块哈希值数组。

alaya.getBlockTransactionCount()#

方法返回指定块中的交易数量。

调用：

alaya.getBlockTransactionCount(blockHashOrBlockNumber)

参数：

  • blockHashOrBlockNumber：String|Number - 块编号或块的哈希值，或者使用以下字符串："genesis"、"latest" 或 "pending" 来指定块。

返回值：

一个AttributeDict对象，其解析值为指定块中的交易数量，Number类型。

alaya.getTransaction()#

返回具有指定哈希值的交易对象。

调用：

alaya.getTransaction(transactionHash)

参数：

  • transactionHash：String - 交易的哈希值。

返回值：

一个AttributeDict对象，其解析值为具有给定哈希值的交易对象。该对象具体内容描述参见：alaya.waitForTransactionReceipt。

alaya.getRawTransaction()#

返回具有指定哈希值的交易对象HexBytes 值。

调用：

alaya.getRawTransaction(transactionHash )

参数：

  • transactionHash：String - 交易的哈希值。

返回值：

一个HexBytes 值的对象。

alaya.getTransactionFromBlock()#

返回指定块中特定索引号的交易对象。

调用：

getTransactionFromBlock(hashStringOrNumber, indexNumber )

参数：

  • hashStringOrNumber：String - 块编号或块的哈希值，或者使用以下字符串："genesis、"latest" 或 "pending" 来指定块。

  • indexNumber：Number - 交易索引位置。

    返回值：

    一个AttributeDict对象，其解析值为交易对象，该对象具体内容描述参见alaya.getTransaction()。

(15) alaya.getTransactionByBlock()#

返回指定块中特定索引号的交易对象。

调用：

alaya.getTransactionByBlock(hashStringOrNumber, indexNumber )

参数：

  • hashStringOrNumber：Number |String - 块编号或块的哈希值，或者使用以下字符串："genesis、"latest" 或 "pending" 来指定块。

  • indexNumber：Number - 交易索引位置。

    返回值：

    一个AttributeDict对象，其解析值为交易对象，该对象具体内容描述参见alaya.getTransaction()。

链上发送交易api#

sendTransaction(transactionObject)#

向Alaya 链上提交一个交易（已被节点签名，尚未提交的交易）。

参数：

  • transactionObject：Object - 要发送的交易对象，包含以下字段：
    • from - String|Number: 交易发送方账户地址，不设置该字段的话，则使用alaya.defaultAccount属性值。可设置为一个地址或本地钱包alaya.accounts.wallet中的索引序号。
    • to - String: 可选，消息的目标地址，对于合约创建交易该字段为null。
    • value - Number|String|BN|BigNumber: (optional) The value transferred for the transaction in VON, also the endowment if it’s a contract-creation transaction.
    • gas - Number: 可选，默认值：待定，用于交易的gas总量，未用完的gas会退还。
    • gasPrice - Number|String|BN|BigNumber: 可选，该交易的gas价格，单位为VON，默认值为alaya.gasPrice属性值。
    • data - String: 可选，可以是包含合约方法数据的ABI字符串，或者是合约创建交易中的初始化代码。
    • nonce - Number: 可选，使用该字段覆盖使用相同nonce值的挂起交易。

返回值：

alaya.sendTransaction()方法的返回值是32字节长的交易哈希值。

waitForTransactionReceipt(transaction_hash, timeout)#

指定时间内返回指定交易的收据对象。

参数：

  • transaction_hash：String - 交易的哈希值。

  • timeout：Number- 可选的等待时间长度，单位为秒。默认为120。

    返回值：

    一个AttributeDict对象，其解析值为交易的收据对象或者null。收据对象具有如下字段：

  • blockHash 32 Bytes - String: 交易所在块的哈希值。

  • blockNumber - Number: 交易所在块的编号。

  • transactionHash 32 Bytes - String: 交易的哈希值。

  • transactionIndex - Number: 交易在块中的索引位置。

  • from - String: 交易发送方的地址。

  • to - String: 交易接收方的地址，对于创建合约的交易，该值为null。

  • contractAddress - String: 对于创建合约的交易，该值为创建的合约地址，否则为null。

  • cumulativeGasUsed - Number: 该交易执行时所在块的gas累计总用量。

  • gasUsed- Number: 该交易的gas总量。

  • logs - Array: 该交易产生的日志对象数组。

sendTransaction、waitForTransactionReceipt

代码示例：
# sendtransactionto = 'atp1ft2fuhh6q8pvpwe4jl3vqc2qhmhqs6ktl7e7g5'  #交易接收方的地址w3.personal.unlockAccount(address, "password", 999999)data = {    "from": address,    "to": to,    "value": 0x10909,    "gas": 1000000,    "gasPrice": 1000000000,}transaction_hex = HexBytes(alaya.sendTransaction(data)).hex()result = alaya.waitForTransactionReceipt(transaction_hex)print(result)
#输出AttributeDict({'blockHash': HexBytes('0x7bfe17689560c773b1cade579f1bd2cf85aeea9f75177e0e06bcdb4aeebd31a8'), 'blockNumber': 385507, 'contractAddress': None, 'cumulativeGasUsed': 21000, 'from': 'atp1ft2fuhh6q8pvpwe4jl3vqc2qhmhqs6ktl7e7g5', 'gasUsed': 21000, 'logs': [], 'logsBloom': HexBytes('0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'), 'status': 1, 'to': 'atp1ft2fuhh6q8pvpwe4jl3vqc2qhmhqs6ktl7e7g5', 'transactionHash': HexBytes('0x377fcd0dfb5e294041fe4274175ed7fce253973fac7abf4e4ff808b5099a454c'), 'transactionIndex': 0})
alaya.getTransactionReceipt()#

返回指定交易的收据对象。 如果交易处于pending状态，则返回null。

调用：

alaya.getTransactionReceipt(hash)

参数：

  • hash：String - 交易的哈希值

    返回值：

    一个AttributeDict对象，其解析值为交易的收据对象或者null。该对象具体内容描述参见alaya.waitForTransactionReceipt。

alaya.getTransactionCount()#

返回指定地址发出的交易数量。

调用：

alaya.getTransactionCount(address [, defaultBlock] )

参数：

  • address：String - 要查询的账户地址

  • defaultBlock：Number|String - 可选，设置该参数来覆盖alaya.defaultBlock属性值。

    返回值：

    一个AttributeDict对象，其解析值为指定地址发出的交易数量。

alaya.sendRawTransaction()#

向alaya 链上提交一个签名的序列化的交易

alaya.sendRawTransaction(signTransaction，private_key)

参数：

  • signTransaction：Object - 要发送的签名交易对象，包含以下字段：

    • from - String|Number: 交易发送方账户地址，不设置该字段的话，则使用alaya.defaultAccount属性值。可设置为一个地址或本地钱包alaya.accounts.wallet中的索引序号。

    • to - String: 可选，消息的目标地址，对于合约创建交易该字段为null。

    • value - Number|String|BN|BigNumber: (optional) The value transferred for the transaction in VON, also the endowment if it’s a contract-creation transaction.

    • gas - Number: 可选，默认值：待定，用于交易的gas总量，未用完的gas会退还。

    • gasPrice - Number|String|BN|BigNumber: 可选，该交易的gas价格，单位为VON，默认值为alaya.gasPrice属性值。

    • data - String: 可选，可以是包含合约方法数据的ABI字符串，或者是合约创建交易中的初始化代码。

    • nonce - Number: 可选，使用该字段覆盖使用相同nonce值的挂起交易。

  • private_key: 用于签名的私钥。

    返回值：

    返回值是包含32字节长的交易哈希值的HexBytes 。

alaya.replaceTransaction()#

发送新的交易new_transaction，替代原来的交易transaction_hash（pending状态）。

调用：

alaya.replaceTransaction`(transaction_hash,new_transaction)

参数：

  • transaction_hash - string：处于pending状态的交易的hash值。
  • new_transaction - dict：交易对象，包含字段与sendTransaction中的transactionObject一致。

返回值：

new_transaction 的hash值。

alaya.generateGasPrice()#

使用选中的gas price 策略去计算一个gas price。

调用：

alaya.generateGasPrice(gas_price_strategy)

返回值：

以wei为单位的gas price数值。

alaya.setGasPriceStrategy()#

设定选定的gas price 策略。

调用：

alaya.setGasPriceStrategy(gas_price_strategy)

参数：

  • gas_price_strategy ：(web3, transaction_params) ,必须是一种签名的方法。

返回：

以wei为单位的gas price数值。

alaya.modifyTransaction()#

发送新的参数，去修正处于pending状态的交易。

调用：

alaya.modifyTransaction(transaction_hash, **transaction_params)

参数：

  • transaction_hash -string : 处于pending状态的交易的hash值。
  • transaction_params : 与transaction_hash的参数对应的关键词语句。如 value=1000,将原交易中的value值改为1000。

返回：

修正后的交易的hash值。

alaya.sign()#

方法使用指定的账户对数据进行签名，该账户必须先解锁。

调用：

alaya.sign(dataToSign, address )

参数：

  • dataToSign：String - 待签名的数据。对于字符串将首先使用utils.utf8ToHex()方法将其转换为16进制。
  • address：String|Number - 用来签名的账户地址。或者本地钱包alaya.accounts.wallet中的地址或其序号。

返回值：

签名结果字符串。

alaya.estimateGas()#

通过执行一个消息调用来估算交易的gas用量。

调用：

alaya.estimateGas(callObject)

参数：

  • callObject：Object - 交易对象，其from属性可选。

返回值：

模拟调用的gas用量。

其他 api#

alaya.filter#

生成一个新的过滤器，根据参数的不同，生成不同类型的过滤器。

调用：

alaya.filter(params)

参数：

  • params

    • latest，在节点中创建一个过滤器，以便当新块生成时进行通知。要检查状态是否变化。
    • pending ，在节点中创建一个过滤器，以便当产生挂起交易时进行通知。 要检查状态是否发生变化。
    • 字典类数据，创建一个过滤器，以便在客户端接收到匹配的whisper消息时进行通知。
>>> alaya.filter('latest')<client_sdk_python.utils.filters.BlockFilter object at 0x0000020640DA1048>>>> alaya.filter('pending')<client_sdk_python.utils.filters.TransactionFilter object at 0x0000020640DA7C08>>>> alaya.filter({'fromBlock': 11529962,  'address': 'atp1ft2fuhh6q8pvpwe4jl3vqc2qhmhqs6ktl7e7g5'})<client_sdk_python.eth.PlatON object at 0x10c608220>
alaya.getFilterChanges()#

轮询指定的过滤器，并返回自上次轮询之后新生成的日志数组。

调用：

alaya.getFilterChanges(filter_id)

参数：

  • filter_id : 指定的过滤器的filter_id 。

示例：


>>> filt=alaya.filter('latest')>>> alaya.getFilterChanges(filt.filter_id)
[HexBytes('0x54502fa45a69e787187b1033a892b047313818c48ce85bfe1b2a2bf2151ca383'),HexBytes('0x8c3ba2aeba07a2bdfda558f7aaeaadadffd19b4a4e1d940dae3c6844ee0e1102')]
alaya.getFilterLogs()#

轮询指定的过滤器，并返回对应的日志数组。

调用：

alaya.getFilterLogs(filter_id)

参数：

  • filter_id : 指定的过滤器的filter_id 。
alaya.uninstallFilter()#

卸载指定的过滤器，返回成功或失败的bool值。

调用：

alaya.getFilterLogs(filter_id)

参数：

  • filter_id : 指定的过滤器的filter_id

示例：

>>> alaya.uninstallFilter(filt.filter_id)True
alaya.getLogs()#

根据指定的选项返回历史日志。

调用：

alaya.getLogs(options )

参数：

  • options：Object - 过滤器对象，包含如下字段：

    • fromBlock - Number|String: The number of the earliest block ("latest" may be given to mean the most recent and "pending" currently mining, block). By default "latest".
    • toBlock - Number|String: The number of the latest block ("latest" may be given to mean the most recent and "pending" currently mining, block). By default "latest".
    • address - String|Array: An address or a list of addresses to only get logs from particular account(s).
    • topics - Array: An array of values which must each appear in the log entries. The order is important, if you want to leave topics out use null, e.g. [null, '0x12...']. You can also pass an array for each topic with options for that topic e.g. [null, ['option1', 'option2']]

    返回值：

    一个AttributeDict对象，其解析值为日志对象数组。

    数组中的事件对象结构如下：

  • address - String: 事件发生源地址。

  • data - String: 包含未索引的日志参数。

  • topics - Array: 包含最多4个32字节主题的数组，主题1-3包含日志的索引参数。

  • logIndex - Number: 事件在块中的索引位置。

  • transactionIndex - Number: 包含事件的交易的索引位置。

  • transactionHash 32 Bytes - String: 包含事件的交易的哈希值。

  • blockHash 32 Bytes - String: 包含事件的块的哈希值，如果处于pending状态，则为null。

  • blockNumber - Number: 包含事件的块编号，处于pending状态时该字段为null。

functions()#

调用合约函数的入口。

调用：

myContract.functions.myMethod([param1[, param2[, ...]]]).transact(options)

参数：

  • options - Object：选项，包含如下字段：

    • from - String (optional): The address the call “transaction” should be made from.

    • gasPrice - String (optional): The gas price in VON to use for this call “transaction”.

    • gas - Number (optional): The maximum gas provided for this call “transaction” (gas limit).

call()#

调用合约的方法，并在合约中直接执行方法，不需要发送任何交易。因此不会改变合约的状态。

调用：

myContract.functions.myMethod([param1[, param2[, ...]]]).call()

参数：

  • [param1[, param2[, ...]]] : 根据myMethod中定义的数据类型输入的参数。

返回值：

解析值为合约方法的返回值，Mixed类型。如果合约方法返回多个值，则解析值为一个对象。

tx_hash1 = payable.functions.setInt64(-9223372036854775808).transact(    {        'from':from_address,        'gas':1500000,    })print(alaya.waitForTransactionReceipt(tx_hash1))print('get : {}'.format(    payable.functions.getInt64().call()))
#输出get : -9223372036854775808
events#

订阅指定的合约事件。

调用：

myContract.events.MyEvent([options])

参数：

  • options - Object: 可选，用于部署的选项，包含以下字段：
    • filter - Object : 可选，按索引参数过滤事件。例如 {filter: {myNumber: [12,13]}} 表示 “myNumber” 为12或13的所有事件。
    • fromBlock - Number: 可选，仅监听该选项指定编号的块中发生的事件。
    • topics - Array : 可选，用来手动为事件过滤器设定主题。如果设置过filter属性和事件签名，那么(topic[0])将不会自动设置。

返回值：

EventEmitter: 事件发生器，声明有以下事件:

  • "data" 返回 Object: 接收到新的事件时触发，参数为事件对象。

  • "changed" 返回 Object: 当事件从区块链上移除时触发，该事件对象将被添加额外的属性"removed: true"。

  • "error" 返回 Object: 当发生错误时触发。

    返回的事件对象结构如下：

  • event - String: 事件名称。

  • signature - String|Null: 事件签名，如果是匿名事件，则为null。

  • address - String: 事件源地址。

  • returnValues - Object: 事件返回值，例如 {myVar: 1, myVar2: '0x234...'}。

  • logIndex - Number: 事件在块中的索引位置。

  • transactionIndex - Number: 事件在交易中的索引位置。

  • transactionHash 32 Bytes - String: 事件所在交易的哈希值。

  • blockHash 32 Bytes - String: 事件所在块的哈希值，pending的块该值为 null。

  • blockNumber - Number: 事件所在块的编号，pending的块该值为null。

  • raw.data - String: 该字段包含未索引的日志参数。

  • raw.topics - Array: 最多可保存4个32字节长的主题字符串数组。主题1-3 包含事件的索引参数。

部分代码示例：

 greeter = alaya.contract(address=tx_receipt.contractAddress, abi=abi)
 tx_hash = greeter.functions.setVar(100).transact(     {         'from':from_address,         'gas':1500000,     } )
 tx_receipt = alaya.waitForTransactionReceipt(tx_hash) print(tx_receipt)
 topic_param = greeter.events.MyEvent().processReceipt(tx_receipt) print(topic_param)
 #输出： AttributeDict({'blockHash': HexBytes('0x78fb61da83dae555c8a8a87fc3296f466afeb7f90e9a3b0ac5689e8b34435174'), 'blockNumber': 2014683, 'contractAddress': None, 'cumulativeGasUsed': 43148, 'from': 'atp1uqug0zq7rcxddndleq4ux2ft3tv6dqljphydrl', 'gasUsed': 43148, 'logs': [AttributeDict({'address': 'atp1plhafce07ymacurudqdrewhtrrx4r2nxrju39h', 'topics': [HexBytes('0x6c2b4666ba8da5a95717621d879a77de725f3d816709b9cbe9f059b8f875e284'), HexBytes('0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000064')], 'data': '0x', 'blockNumber': 2014683, 'transactionHash': HexBytes('0xe36b5d2b679d5635ab6dd2b620caa50a476fa84bd93bf7b6c8de807f3a9da483'), 'transactionIndex': 0, 'blockHash': HexBytes('0x78fb61da83dae555c8a8a87fc3296f466afeb7f90e9a3b0ac5689e8b34435174'), 'logIndex': 0, 'removed': False})], 'logsBloom': HexBytes('0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000020080000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000080000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004000000000000000000000000400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001000000008000000000000000'), 'status': 1, 'to': 'atp1plhafce07ymacurudqdrewhtrrx4r2nxrju39h', 'transactionHash': HexBytes('0xe36b5d2b679d5635ab6dd2b620caa50a476fa84bd93bf7b6c8de807f3a9da483'), 'transactionIndex': 0}) (AttributeDict({'args': AttributeDict({'_var': 100}), 'event': 'MyEvent', 'logIndex': 0, 'transactionIndex': 0, 'transactionHash': HexBytes('0xe36b5d2b679d5635ab6dd2b620caa50a476fa84bd93bf7b6c8de807f3a9da483'), 'address': 'atp1plhafce07ymacurudqdrewhtrrx4r2nxrju39h', 'blockHash': HexBytes('0x78fb61da83dae555c8a8a87fc3296f466afeb7f90e9a3b0ac5689e8b34435174'), 'blockNumber': 2014683}),)

获取hrp#

w3 = Web3(HTTPProvider("http://47.241.91.2:6789"),chain_id = 201030)alaya = PlatON(w3)# client-sdk-python 1.0.0.2 版本不适配。print(alaya.getAddressHrp)

合约#

合约介绍#

Alaya区块链支持使用solidity语言创建的智能合约(EVM)，同时也支持WebAssembly (WASM)来执行用户编写的智能合约。其中WASM是一种为栈式虚拟机设计的二进制指令集。WASM被设计为可供类似C/C++/Rust等高级语言的平台编译目标，最初设计目的是解决 JavaScript 的性能问题。WASM是由 W3C 牵头正在推进的 Web 标准，并得到了谷歌、微软和 Mozilla 等浏览器厂商的支持。 关于EVM和WASM合约的介绍、创建、编译等详细内容可参考 Alaya EVM智能合约 和 Alaya WASM智能合约。

合约编译#

python sdk目前支持EVM、WASM合约编译后形成的bin和abi作为合约数据与Alaya区块链进行交互。

  • EVM合约(使用solidity语言创建)可使用platon-truffle进行编译、部署、调用。具体可参考solidity编译器 与platon-truffle 。
  • WASM合约(使用C/C++/Rust等语言创建)可使用PlatON-CDT 或者platon-truffle进行编译、部署、调用。具体可参考PlatON-CDT 编译器 。

SDK 对EVM合约的调用#

使用platon-truffle在本机对EVM合约进行编译#

获得bin与abi。以Helloworld合约为例。使用platon-truffle对Helloworld.sol编译后，产生的build/contracts/HelloWorld.json中，获取其中的abi和bytecode(即bin)。

通过python SDK对Helloworld合约部署#

首先通过Web3连接节点，from_address为节点上的账户地址，bytecode、abi即为EVM合约编译后的bin和abi。

部分代码示例：

    from hexbytes import HexBytes    from client_sdk_python import Web3, HTTPProvider    from client_sdk_python.eth import PlatON    from platon_keys.utils import bech32,address    from client_sdk_python.packages.eth_utils import to_checksum_address
    true = True    false = False
    w3 = Web3(HTTPProvider("http://47.241.91.2:6789"),chain_id = 201030)    alaya = PlatON(w3)    print(w3.isConnected())
    from_address = "atp1jtfqqqr6436ppj6ccnrh8xjg7qals3ctnnmurp"
    bytecode = '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'
    abi = [{"constant": False,"inputs": [{"internalType": "string","name": "_name","type": "string"}],"name": "setName","outputs": [{"internalType": "string","name": "","type": "string"}],"payable": False,"stateMutability": "nonpayable","type": "function"},{"constant": True,"inputs": [],"name": "getName","outputs": [{"internalType": "string","name": "","type": "string"}],"payable": False,"stateMutability": "view","type": "function"}]
    #输出    True

​ 然后通过函数contract_deploy(bytecode, fromAddress)，以发送交易的方式在Alaya区块链的节点上部署EVM合约,返回交易哈希transactionHash 。

​ tx_receipt为alaya.waitForTransactionReceipt解析transactionHash 后获得的部署回执（部署也是一种交易，交易通过alaya.waitForTransactionReceipt获得交易回执）。

部分代码示例：

def contract_deploy(bytecode, fromAddress):    bytecode = bytecode    transactionHash = alaya.sendTransaction(        {            "from": fromAddress,            "gas": 1000000,            "gasPrice": 1000000000,            "data": bytecode,        }    )    transactionHash = HexBytes(transactionHash).hex().lower()    return transactionHash
tx = contract_deploy(bytecode, from_address)print(tx)tx_receipt = alaya.waitForTransactionReceipt(tx)print(tx_receipt)contractAddress = tx_receipt.contractAddress

alaya.sendTransaction（参数）

参数：

  • from : 发送交易的账户地址

  • data : 发送到链上的数据

  • gas：交易的燃料量

  • gasPrice：燃料价格，需写入合理的数值

若部署成功，输出结果如下


#输出0x143efc88f581c4356156519cde51064222ec5a42fcb4d83400a8b11893a95074AttributeDict({'blockHash': HexBytes('0xf73097d8e7b2cc385910a4af3a4dbc7588774bad3f2b6589052503b649af1525'), 'blockNumber': 305798, 'contractAddress': 'atp1ws7m2tqr55h8xs7e3jg5svlyu0lk9ktpx03cke', 'cumulativeGasUsed': 319449, 'from': 'atp1yjjzvjph3tw4h2quw6mse25y492xy7fzwdtqja', 'gasUsed': 319449, 'logs': [], 'logsBloom': HexBytes('0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'), 'status': 1, 'to': None, 'transactionHash': HexBytes('0x143efc88f581c4356156519cde51064222ec5a42fcb4d83400a8b11893a95074'), 'transactionIndex': 0})atp1jtfqqqr6436ppj6ccnrh8xjg7qals3ctnnmurp

其中：

  • 第一行数据为函数contract_deploy中的alaya.sendTransaction的交易结果。
  • 第二行数据为alaya.waitForTransactionReceipt获得的交易回执。
  • 第三行为合约部署成功的合约地址。
对Helloworld合约进行调用(交易发送)#

在之前合约部署成功的基础上，进行交易发送。

首先定义一个函数SendTxn(txn)。

包含：签名交易 alaya.account.signTransaction （私钥签名）、

​ 发送交易 alaya.sendRawTransaction。

​ 获得交易回执 alaya.waitForTransactionReceipt。

send_privatekey = "<私钥地址>"def SendTxn(txn):    signed_txn = alaya.account.signTransaction(txn,private_key=send_privatekey)    res = alaya.sendRawTransaction(signed_txn.rawTransaction).hex()    txn_receipt = alaya.waitForTransactionReceipt(res)    print(res)    return txn_receipt

建立合约实例 contract_instance，因为是EVM合约，所以使用函数contract。若是WASM合约，则对应函数wasmcontract。

通过functions调用方法ifControl，输入参数20，通过buildTransaction发送交易信息

部分代码示例：
contract_instance = alaya.contract(address=contractAddress, abi=abi)
txn = contract_instance.functions.ifControl(20).buildTransaction(    {        'chainId':201030,        'nonce':alaya.getTransactionCount(from_address),        'gas':2000000,        'value':0,        'gasPrice':1000000000,    })
print(SendTxn(txn))
result = contract_instance.functions.getIfControlResult().call()print(result)

参数：

  • chainId：链id

  • nonce：序号

  • gas：燃料

  • value： 值（新建合约账户的开始余额）

  • gasPrice： 燃料价格

    需写入合理的数值，调用方法ifControl，成功将参数20传入链上。然后通过对应方法getIfControlResult获得链上的对应信息和数据。

其中:

  • 第一行数据为函数SendTxn中的alaya.sendRawTransaction的交易结果。

  • 第二行数据为方法ifControl向链上发送信息，交易的结果。

  • 第三行为方法getIfControlResult获取链上信息，交易的结果。

EVM合约的事件调用#

EVM合约通过事件可对相关交易的详细信息进行监听和日志记录输出，以evmevent合约为例：其在方法setVar中加入了event类型MyEvent。

greeter为部署成功的EVM合约。

先通过functions调用setVar,将参数传到链上，然后通过greeter.events.MyEvent()，调用事件输出交易的详细日志。

其中events方法为合约专用的事件api。

部分代码示例：
greeter = alaya.contract(address=tx_receipt.contractAddress, abi=abi)
tx_hash = greeter.functions.setVar(100).transact(    {        'from':from_address,        'gas':1500000,    })
tx_receipt = alaya.waitForTransactionReceipt(tx_hash)print(tx_receipt)
topic_param = greeter.events.MyEvent().processReceipt(tx_receipt)print(topic_param)

成功运行后输出：

AttributeDict({'blockHash': HexBytes('0x78fb61da83dae555c8a8a87fc3296f466afeb7f90e9a3b0ac5689e8b34435174'), 'blockNumber': 2014683, 'contractAddress': None, 'cumulativeGasUsed': 43148, 'from': 'atp1uqug0zq7rcxddndleq4ux2ft3tv6dqljphydrl', 'gasUsed': 43148, 'logs': [AttributeDict({'address': 'atp1vc6phdxhdkmztpznv5ueduw6cae3swe40whlsn', 'topics': [HexBytes('0x6c2b4666ba8da5a95717621d879a77de725f3d816709b9cbe9f059b8f875e284'), HexBytes('0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000064')], 'data': '0x', 'blockNumber': 2014683, 'transactionHash': HexBytes('0xe36b5d2b679d5635ab6dd2b620caa50a476fa84bd93bf7b6c8de807f3a9da483'), 'transactionIndex': 0, 'blockHash': HexBytes('0x78fb61da83dae555c8a8a87fc3296f466afeb7f90e9a3b0ac5689e8b34435174'), 'logIndex': 0, 'removed': False})], 'logsBloom': HexBytes('0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000020080000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000080000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004000000000000000000000000400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001000000008000000000000000'), 'status': 1, 'to': 'atp1vc6phdxhdkmztpznv5ueduw6cae3swe40whlsn', 'transactionHash': HexBytes('0xe36b5d2b679d5635ab6dd2b620caa50a476fa84bd93bf7b6c8de807f3a9da483'), 'transactionIndex': 0})(AttributeDict({'args': AttributeDict({'_var': 100}), 'event': 'MyEvent', 'logIndex': 0, 'transactionIndex': 0, 'transactionHash': HexBytes('0xe36b5d2b679d5635ab6dd2b620caa50a476fa84bd93bf7b6c8de807f3a9da483'), 'address': 'atp1vc6phdxhdkmztpznv5ueduw6cae3swe40whlsn', 'blockHash': HexBytes('0x78fb61da83dae555c8a8a87fc3296f466afeb7f90e9a3b0ac5689e8b34435174'), 'blockNumber': 2014683}),)

第一行为调用函数setVar，交易成功后的交易回执。

第二行为调用事件MyEvent()，获取的交易日志信息。

其中'args'对应的值中：

'_var'为唯一的参数值，而在EVM合约的event中，数据的基本类型为uint、int、bool、address、bytex。

SDK 对WASM合约的调用：#

使用PlatON-CDT在本机对WASM合约进行编译#

以wasmcontract.cpp为例。本机安装PlatON-CDT成功后，在PlatON-CDT/build/bin中输入代码 。

platon-cpp wasmcontract.cpp

编译成功后，在wasmcontract/build/contracts中有两个文件。

wasmcontract.abi.json 与 wasmcontract.WASM，其中wasmcontract.abi.json为abi数据（json格式）， wasmcontract.WASM为bin数据（二进制格式）。

 import binascii f = open('D:/wasmcontract.WASM','rb') contents=f.read() bytecode=binascii.b2a_hex(contents)

因为我们的链上识别的是16进制的数据，所以需通过类似binascii.b2a_hex等方法，把二进制的.WASM转换为16进制的bytecode。方便我们链上识别。

通过python SDK对Helloworld合约(WASM类型)部署#

获取WASM合约的bin和abi之后，通过Web3在链上进行部署。

下面代码中bytecode即为合约的bin数据，cabi即为合约的abi数据。

部分代码示例：

from client_sdk_python import Web3, HTTPProviderfrom client_sdk_python.eth import PlatON
true = Truefalse = False
w3 = Web3(HTTPProvider("http://47.241.91.2:6789"),chain_id = 201030)alaya = PlatON(w3)print(w3.isConnected())from_address = "atp1uqug0zq7rcxddndleq4ux2ft3tv6dqljphydrl"
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= [{"constant": False,"inputs": [{"internalType": "string","name": "_name","type": "string"}],"name": "setName","outputs": [{"internalType": "string","name": "","type": "string"}],"payable": False,"stateMutability": "nonpayable","type": "function"},{"constant": True,"inputs": [],"name": "getName","outputs": [{"internalType": "string","name": "","type": "string"}],"payable": False,"stateMutability": "view","type": "function"}]

WASM类型合约通过alaya.wasmcontract建立合约实例。

对实例调用方法.constructor()进行合约的构建，通过transact发送交易到链上。

部分代码示例：
  # Instantiate and deploy contractPayable = alaya.wasmcontract(abi=abi, bytecode=bytecode,vmtype=1)
tx_hash = Payable.constructor().transact(      {          'from':from_address,          'gas':1500000,      }  )
  # Wait for the transaction to be mined, and get the transaction receipt  tx_receipt = alaya.waitForTransactionReceipt(tx_hash)  print(tx_receipt)

其中tx_receipt为此次部署合约的交易回执。

部署成功后输出如下：

  #输出AttributeDict({'blockHash': HexBytes('0x7a193be2cf86aedcf844c0478c6f64d226affb55779bad1b2056c7e70e8158d6'), 'blockNumber': 2012981, 'contractAddress': 'atp15sh4rpuqr4fvzs4cyj9uea54r5tax7kljqqszk', 'cumulativeGasUsed': 1233168, 'from': 'atp1uqug0zq7rcxddndleq4ux2ft3tv6dqljphydrl', 'gasUsed': 1233168, 'logs': [], 'logsBloom': HexBytes('0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'), 'status': 1, 'to': None, 'transactionHash': HexBytes('0x717a82ea0ef116e271fb02dbb7d456fe9dd41a2dbd07cac81d079e375b5dade1'), 'transactionIndex': 0})
对Helloworld合约进行交易发送(WASM合约)#

在之前合约部署成功的基础上，对合约中的方法进行调用。

payable是合约部署成功后的实例。

通过调用函数setBool，向链上传送参数false（发送交易）。

部分代码示例：

payable = alaya.wasmcontract(address=tx_receipt.contractAddress, abi=cabi,vmtype=1)
tx_hash0 = payable.functions.setBool(false).transact(  {      'from':from_address,      'gas':1500000,  })print(alaya.waitForTransactionReceipt(tx_hash0))print('get : {}'.format(  payable.functions.getBool().call()))

payable.functions.getBool().call()，表示通过函数getBool获得链上对应的信息（按照本合约定义，获得setBool上传的参数)。

成功运行后，结果如下：


#输出AttributeDict({'blockHash': HexBytes('0x9bcadf4db5d74789901b2176cb7dad3191d2425b61f261966e932f6606d13041'), 'blockNumber': 2018575, 'contractAddress': None, 'cumulativeGasUsed': 426496, 'from': 'atp1uqug0zq7rcxddndleq4ux2ft3tv6dqljphydrl', 'gasUsed': 426496, 'logs': [], 'logsBloom': HexBytes('0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'), 'status': 1, 'to': 'atp1c5h59flven2hzyrylh2tsmn59r5ucms95n5ugc', 'transactionHash': HexBytes('0x4c724e7d1833ade363f51f611293682771318e3c86b533f5a78b580c812eb009'), 'transactionIndex': 0})get : False
WASM合约的事件调用#

WASM合约中的事件,一般写在合约的函数中。

以wasmcontract合约为例，在方法setUint32含有事件setUint32Evt，可通过setUint32Evt对setUint32的交易结果进行监听和日志记录输出。

greeter是部署成功的WASM类型合约实例。

tx_hash是函数setUint32传参数的交易实例。

部分代码示例：

greeter = alaya.wasmcontract(address=tx_receipt.contractAddress, abi=abi,vmtype=1)tx_hash = greeter.functions.setUint32(1000).transact(    {        'from': from_address,        'gas': 1500000,    })
tx_receipt = alaya.waitForTransactionReceipt(tx_hash)print(tx_receipt)
topic_param = greeter.events.setUint32Evt().processReceipt(tx_receipt)

topic_param是事件setUint32Evt调用的结果。

其中'args'对应的值中：

'topic1'为topic值，'arg1'、'arg2'、'arg3'为事件中定义的三个参数值。

​成功运行后，结果如下：


(AttributeDict({'args': AttributeDict({'topic1': 'topic1', 'arg1': 'data1', 'arg2': 1000, 'arg3': 1000}), 'event': 'setUint32Evt', 'logIndex': 0, 'transactionIndex': 0, 'transactionHash': HexBytes('0xabac50c6a9d443d9f89065775f0f3d56ddeabd2f2a5e0e1f36d00db703b14d8b'), 'address': 'atp1sgsp74pce2vkgwqjd3rzmt55p70psmq7qvnqwn', 'blockHash': HexBytes('0x78f15fbacbc745dfd5b35b596d28b61ae2987b6ff9050dc39c716f383e505899'), 'blockNumber': 1477774}),)

内置合约#

staking#

from client_sdk_python import Web3, HTTPProviderfrom client_sdk_python.ppos import Pposw3 = Web3(HTTPProvider("http://47.241.91.2:6789"),chain_id = 201030)ppos = Ppos(w3)
发起质押#

调用：

ppos.createStaking(benifit_address, node_id, external_id, node_name, website, details, amount,program_version,program_version_sign, bls_pubkey, bls_proof, pri_key, reward_per, type=2, transaction_cfg=None)

参数：

  • type：表示使用账户自由金额还是账户的锁仓金额做质押，0: 自由金额； 1: 锁仓金额。

  • benifit_address: 用于接受出块奖励和质押奖励的收益账户。

  • node_id: 被质押的节点Id(也叫候选人的节点Id)。

  • external_id: 外部Id(有长度限制，给第三方拉取节点描述的Id)。

  • node_name：被质押节点的名称(有长度限制，表示该节点的名称)。

  • website: 节点的第三方主页(有长度限制，表示该节点的主页)。

  • details: 节点的描述(有长度限制，表示该节点的描述)。

  • amount: 质押金额(unit:von, 1ATP = 10**18 von)。

  • program_version: 被质押节点的Alaya进程的真实版本号(获取版本号的接口由治理提供)。

  • program_version_sign: 程序的真实版本签名，治理rpc获取。

  • bls_pubkey: Bls 公钥。

  • bls_proof: bls的证明,通过拉取证明接口获取。

  • pri_key: 交易私钥。

  • reward_per: 委托所得到的奖励分成比例，采用BasePoint 1BP=0.01%。

  • transaction_cfg: 交易基础配置。

    type:  dictexample:    cfg = {         "gas":100000000,         "gasPrice":2000000000000,         "nonce":1,     }
修改质押信息#

调用：

ppos.editCandidate(benifit_address, node_id, external_id, node_name, website, details, pri_key, reward_per, transaction_cfg=None)

参数：

  • benifit_address: 用于接受出块奖励和质押奖励的收益账户。

  • node_id: 被质押的节点Id(也叫候选人的节点Id)。

  • external_id: 外部Id(有长度限制，给第三方拉取节点描述的Id)。

  • node_name: 被质押节点的名称(有长度限制，表示该节点的名称)。

  • website: 节点的第三方主页(有长度限制，表示该节点的主页)。

  • details: 节点的描述(有长度限制，表示该节点的描述)。

  • pri_key: 交易私钥。

  • reward_per: 委托所得到的奖励分成比例，采用BasePoint 1BP=0.01%，例：传500就是5%的奖励作为委托奖励。

  • transaction_cfg: 交易基础配置。

    type:  dictexample:    cfg = {         "gas":100000000,         "gasPrice":2000000000000,         "nonce":1,     }
增持质押#

调用：

ppos.increaseStaking(node_id, amount, pri_key, type=2, transaction_cfg=None)

参数：

  • type: 表示使用账户自由金额还是账户的锁仓金额做质押，0: 自由金额； 1: 锁仓金额。

  • node_id: 被质押的节点Id(也叫候选人的节点Id)。

  • amount: 增持的von。

  • pri_key: 交易私钥。

  • transaction_cfg: 交易基础配置。

    type:  dictexample:    cfg = {         "gas":100000000,         "gasPrice":2000000000000,         "nonce":1,     }
撤销质押(一次性发起全部撤销，多次到账)#

调用：

ppos.withdrewStaking(node_id, pri_key, transaction_cfg=None)

参数：

  • node_id: 被质押的节点的NodeId。 浏览器复制去除0x前缀。

  • pri_key: 交易私钥。

  • transaction_cfg: 交易基础配置。

    type:  dictexample:    cfg = {         "gas":100000000,         "gasPrice":2000000000000,         "nonce":1,     }

delegate#

发起委托#

调用：

ppos.delegate(type, node_id, amount, pri_key, transaction_cfg=None)

参数：

  • type: 表示使用账户自由金额还是账户的锁仓金额做委托，0: 自由金额； 1: 锁仓金额。

  • node_id: 被质押节点的NodeId。 浏览器复制去除0x前缀。

  • amount: 委托的金额(按照最小单位算，1ATP = 10**18 von)。

  • pri_key: 交易私钥。

  • transaction_cfg: 交易基础配置。

    type:  dictexample:    cfg = {         "gas":100000000,         "gasPrice":2000000000000,         "nonce":1,     }
减持/撤销委托#

调用：

ppos.withdrewDelegate(staking_blocknum, node_id, amount, pri_key, transaction_cfg=None)

参数：

  • staking_blocknum: 代表着某个node的某次质押的唯一标示

  • node_id: 被质押的节点的NodeId。 浏览器复制去除0x前缀

  • amount: 减持生效的委托的金额(按照最小单位算，1ATP = 10**18 von)

  • pri_key: 交易私钥。

  • transaction_cfg: 交易基础配置。

    type:  dictexample:    cfg = {         "gas":100000000,         "gasPrice":2000000000000,         "nonce":1,     }
提取委托奖励#

调用：

ppos.withdrawDelegateReward(pri_key, transaction_cfg=None)

参数：

  • pri_key: 交易私钥。

  • transaction_cfg: 交易基础配置。

    type:  dictexample:    cfg = {         "gas":100000000,         "gasPrice":2000000000000,         "nonce":1,     }

query#

查询当前结算周期的验证人队列#

调用：

ppos.getVerifierList(from_address=None)

参数：

  • from_address: 调用rpc接口的from地址。
查询当前共识周期的验证人列表#

调用：

ppos.getValidatorList(from_address=None)

参数：

  • from_address: 调用rpc接口的from地址。
查询所有实时的候选人列表#

调用：

ppos.getCandidateList(from_address=None)

参数：

  • from_address: 调用rpc接口的from地址。
查询当前账户地址所委托的节点的NodeID和质押Id#

调用：

ppos.getRelatedListByDelAddr(del_addr, from_address=None)

参数：

  • del_addr: 委托人账户地址。
  • from_address: 调用rpc接口的from地址。
查询当前单个节点的委托信息#

调用：

ppos.getDelegateInfo(staking_blocknum, del_address, node_id, from_address=None)

参数：

  • staking_blocknum: 发起质押时的区块高度。
  • del_address: 委托人账户地址。
  • node_id: 验证人的节点Id。
  • from_address: 调用rpc接口的from地址。
查询当前节点的质押信息#

调用：

ppos.getCandidateInfo(node_id, from_address=None)

参数：

  • node_id: 验证人的节点Id。
  • from_address: 调用rpc接口的from地址。
查询当前结算周期的区块奖励#

调用：

ppos.getPackageReward(from_address=None)

参数：

  • from_address: 调用rpc接口的from地址。
查询当前结算周期的质押奖励#

调用：

ppos.getStakingReward(from_address=None)

参数：

  • from_address: 调用rpc接口的from地址。
查询打包区块的平均时间#

调用：

ppos.getAvgPackTime(from_address=None)

参数：

  • from_address: 调用rpc接口的from地址。
查询账户在各节点未提取委托奖励。#

调用：

ppos.getDelegateReward(address, node_ids=[])

参数：

  • address: 要查询的帐户地址。
  • node_ids: 要查询的节点ID的字符串数组，如果为空，则查询该帐户委托的所有节点。
举报双签#

调用：

ppos.reportDuplicateSign(type, data, pri_key, transaction_cfg=None)

参数：

  • type: 双签类型，他有三个可选项 1:prepareBlock, 2: prepareVote, 3:viewChange。

  • data: 单个证据的json值，格式参照 RPC接口Evidences。

  • pri_key: 交易私钥。

  • transaction_cfg: 交易基础配置。

    
type:  dictexample:    cfg = {         "gas":100000000,         "gasPrice":2000000000000,         "nonce":1,     }
查询节点是否已被举报过多签#

调用：

ppos.checkDuplicateSign(type, node_id, block_number, from_address=None)

参数：

  • type: 双签类型，他有三个可选项 1:prepareBlock, 2: prepareVote, 3:viewChange。
  • node_id：待查询节点的ID。
  • block_number: 重复签名的块高度。
  • from_address: 调用rpc接口的from地址。

锁仓#

创建锁仓计划#

调用：

ppos.createRestrictingPlan(account, plan, pri_key, transaction_cfg=None)

参数：

  • account：锁仓释放到账账户。

  • plan：An是RestrictingPlan类型（数组）的列表，并且RestrictingPlan的定义如下:

    type RestrictingPlan struct {Epoch uint64Amount *big.Int}
    • Epoch: 代表结算周期的倍数。每个计费周期的区块数乘积表示锁定的资金s在目标块高度释放。Epoch*每个周期的块数为至少大于最大不可逆块高度。
    • Amount: 指示要在目标块上释放的数量。

  • pri_key: 交易私钥。

  • transaction_cfg: 交易基础配置。

    type:  dictexample:    cfg = {         "gas":100000000,         "gasPrice":2000000000000,         "nonce":1,     }
获取锁仓信息#

调用：

ppos.getRestrictingInfo(account, from_address=None)

参数：

  • account：锁仓释放到账账户。
  • from_address: 调用rpc接口的from地址。

治理#

from client_sdk_python import Web3, HTTPProviderfrom client_sdk_python.pip import Pipw3 = Web3(HTTPProvider("http://47.241.91.2:6789"),chain_id = 201030)pip = Pip(w3)
文本提案#

调用：

pip.submitText(verifier, pip_id, pri_key, transaction_cfg=None)

参数：

  • verifier: 提交提案的验证人。

  • pip_id: PIPID。

  • pri_key: 交易私钥。

  • transaction_cfg: 交易基础配置。

    
type:  dictexample:    cfg = {         "gas":100000000,         "gasPrice":2000000000000,         "nonce":1,     }
升级提案#

调用：

pip.submitVersion(verifier, pip_id, new_version, end_voting_rounds, pri_key, transaction_cfg=None)

参数：

  • verifier: 提交提案的验证人。

  • pip_id: PIPID。

  • new_version：新的版本。

  • end_voting_rounds：从当前提交提案开始到投票截止时需要的共识轮数。0 <end_voting_rounds <= 4840 4840个共识块目前约为2周 实际讨论可根据配置计算）.

  • pri_key: 交易私钥。

  • transaction_cfg:交易基础配置。

    type:  dictexample:    cfg = {         "gas":100000000,         "gasPrice":2000000000000,         "nonce":1,     }
参数提案#

调用：

pip.submitParam(verifier, pip_id, module, name, new_value, pri_key, transaction_cfg=None)

参数：

  • verifier: 提交提案的验证人。

  • pip_id: PIPID。

  • module: 参数模块。

  • name: 参数名字。

  • new_value：新参数值。

  • pri_key: 交易私钥。

  • transaction_cfg: 交易基础配置。

    type:  dictexample:    cfg = {         "gas":100000000,         "gasPrice":2000000000000,         "nonce":1,     }
删除提案#

调用：

pip.submitCancel(verifier, pip_id, end_voting_rounds, tobe_canceled_proposal_id, pri_key, transaction_cfg=None)

参数：

  • verifier：提交提案的验证人。

  • pip_id: PIPID.

  • end_voting_rounds：投票共识轮数。请参阅有关提交升级建议的说明 同时，此参数在此接口中的值。 不能大于相应升级建议中的值。

  • tobe_canceled_proposal_id: 升级建议ID将被取消。

  • pri_key:交易私钥。

  • transaction_cfg: 交易基础配置。

    type:  dictexample:    cfg = {         "gas":100000000,         "gasPrice":2000000000000,         "nonce":1,     }
投票#

调用：

pip.vote(verifier, proposal_id, option, program_version, version_sign, pri_key, transaction_cfg=None)

参数：

  • verifier: 提交提案的验证人。

  • proposal_id: 提案ID。

  • option: 投票选项。

  • program_version: 节点代码版本，由rpc getProgramVersion接口获取。

  • version_sign: 通过rpc getProgramVersion接口获得的代码版本签名。

  • pri_key: 交易私钥。

  • transaction_cfg: 交易基础配置。

    type:  dictexample:    cfg = {         "gas":100000000,         "gasPrice":2000000000000,         "nonce":1,     }
版本声明#

调用：

pip.declareVersion(active_node, program_version, version_sign, pri_key, transaction_cfg=None)

参数：

  • active_node: 声明的节点只能是验证者/候选者。

  • program_version: 声明的版本，由rpc的getProgramVersion接口获得。

  • version_sign: 通过rpc的getProgramVersion接口获得的已签名的版本签名。

  • pri_key: 交易私钥。

  • transaction_cfg: 交易基础配置。

    type:  dictexample:    cfg = {         "gas":100000000,         "gasPrice":2000000000000,         "nonce":1,     }

调用：

pip.getProposal(proposal_id, from_address=None)

参数：

  • proposal_id: 提案 id。
  • from_address: 调用rpc接口的from地址。
查询提案结果#

调用：

pip.getTallyResult(proposal_id, from_address=None)

参数：

  • proposal_id: 提案 id。
  • from_address: 调用rpc接口的from地址。
查询提案的累积可投票人数#

调用：

pip.getAccuVerifiersCount(proposal_id, block_hash, from_address=None)

参数：

  • proposal_id: 提案 id。
  • block_hash：块hash。
  • from_address: 调用rpc接口的from地址。
查询提案列表#

调用：

pip.listProposal(from_address=None)

参数：

  • from_address: 调用rpc接口的from地址。
查询节点的链生效版本#

调用：

pip.getActiveVersion(from_address=None)

参数：

  • from_address: 调用rpc接口的from地址。
查询当前块高的治理参数值#

调用：

pip.getGovernParamValue(module, name, from_address=None)

参数：

  • module: 参数模块。
  • name: 参数名字。
  • from_address：调用rpc接口的from地址。
查询治理参数列表#

调用：

pip.listGovernParam(self, module=None, from_address=None)

参数：

  • module：参数模块。
  • from_address: 调用rpc接口的from地址。

本教程贡献者 @JeriZhang